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ACTH(4–10)‑derived heptapeptide explored for cognitive and neuroprotective effects. Potential benefits include increased neurotrophin expression, stress resilience, and attention in early studies. Human evidence is limited and heterogeneous; long‑term outcomes remain unclear.
Description
Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from the adrenocorticotropic hormone fragment ACTH(4–10). Its amino‑acid sequence is Met–Glu–His–Phe–Pro–Gly–Pro (MEHFPGP). Preclinical and limited clinical research report nootropic and anxiolytic‑like effects associated with rapid modulation of neurotrophins (e.g., BDNF) and changes in monoaminergic signaling. As a peptide, Semax has poor oral bioavailability; research usage has emphasized intranasal or parenteral routes.
Chemical Structure / Identifiers
| Property | Detail |
| Sequence | MEHFPGP (Met–Glu–His–Phe–Pro–Gly–Pro) |
| Molecular Formula | C37H51N9O10S |
| Molecular Weight | ≈ 813.9 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 80714‑61‑0 |
| PubChem CID | 9811102 (parent); 169449478 (acetate salt) |
| Synonyms | ACTH(4–10) analog; Semax heptapeptide |
Primary Research Focus
• Neurotrophin modulation: acute increases in hippocampal BDNF and TrkB expression; region‑specific changes in BDNF/NGF mRNA in rodent brain.
• Monoaminergic systems: activation/modulation of dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways reported in preclinical studies.
• Stress and behavior: attenuation of chronic stress–induced behavioral deficits; anxiolytic‑/antidepressant‑like profiles in animal models.
• Metal binding and cytoprotection: high affinity for Cu(II) with protection against metal‑induced cell toxicity in vitro.
Safety / Limitations
• Research Use Only outside specific jurisdictions; not approved by major regulators for disease treatment.
• Many studies originate from a limited set of research groups; large, independent randomized trials are limited.
• Long‑term safety, optimal dosing, and pharmacokinetics in humans remain incompletely characterized.
Key Publications / References
Wikipedia: Semax (identifiers, sequence). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semax
PubChem Compound Summary: Semax (CID 9811102). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Semax
Dolotov OV et al. Semax, an analog of ACTH(4–10), regulates BDNF/TrkB expression in rat hippocampus. Brain Res. 2006. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16996037/
Eremin KO et al. Semax activates dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in rodents. Neurochem Res. 2005. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16362768/
Shadrina M et al. Dynamics of NGF and BDNF gene expression following Semax administration. Brain Res. 2001/2010. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19662538/
Tabbì G et al. Semax, an ACTH(4–10) peptide analog, binds Cu(II) and protects against metal‑induced toxicity. J Inorg Biochem. 2015. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25310602/
Disclaimer: For research background only. Not medical advice. Semax is not approved for diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease.
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